PESEL for Foreigners in Poland — How to Obtain It? [2025/2026]

PESEL is the Universal Electronic System for Population Registration — an 11-digit identification number assigned to every person registered in Poland. Without PESEL it is difficult to open a bank account, register with NFZ (national health fund) or use public services.

Who can obtain a PESEL?

• Foreigners legally residing in Poland and registered for permanent or temporary residence
• Persons registered for permanent residence (zameldowanie) at an address in Poland
• Those who benefit from temporary protection (e.g. Ukrainian citizens)
• Foreigners employed in Poland and paying taxes

How to apply for a PESEL as a foreigner?

Method 1: When registering residence (zameldowanie)

When you register for permanent or temporary residence at a municipal office (urząd gminy/dzielnicy), a PESEL is automatically assigned. This is the most common method.

Method 2: Separate PESEL application

Foreigners who have a legal basis for staying in Poland but are not registering for residence can apply for a PESEL separately at a city or municipal office.

Method 3: Via the employer (for Ukrainian citizens)

Citizens of Ukraine benefiting from temporary protection are entitled to a PESEL number. The employer may assist with registration at municipal offices.

Required Documents

• Valid passport
• Document confirming legal basis of stay (visa, residence card, stamp after application, temporary protection certificate)
• Proof of registration of residence in Poland (if registering at the same time)
• Application form (available at the office)

How long does it take?

A PESEL number is usually assigned immediately or within a few days of submitting a complete application. The process is free of charge.

What do you need a PESEL for?

• Opening a bank account in Poland
• Registering with NFZ and accessing healthcare
• Employment contracts and tax settlements (PIT)
• Using public administration services (ePUAP)
• Children's school enrolment
• Signing lease agreements and contracts

PESEL vs. NIP — what is the difference?

PESEL is an identification number for natural persons. NIP (Tax Identification Number) is used in business — for VAT and running a sole proprietorship.